Ultra High-Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) are the most energetic particles which we can directly measure. They carry information about the most violent regions in the cosmos, and also pose an excellent opportunity to explore particle physics several orders of magnitude above the energies attained by the LHC. In this seminar, I will introduce the physics of UHECR and the open questions about their origin and composition. I will also present the largest cosmic ray facility ever, spanning over 3000 km2 in the south-american high plateau, east of the Andes: the Pierre Auger Observatory, and its most important physics results.
Filipe Veloso e Pedro Costa